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Today, terms such as “SDGs” and “biodiversity” are widely known in society. However, little is known about how much the structures built to maintain our convenient and comfortable lives cost the biosphere, the foundation of our economy, and society. Now that population decline has become clear, people must understand the reality of the situation, examine the operation of structures that are overdeveloped and overburdened, and explore the possibility of optimal operation to envision a future in which the biosphere, society, and economy are in balance.
 
With this in mind, the authors takes the biosphere of the Nagara River and the Estuary Weir as the book’s subject matter and attempt to show the possibility of reconnecting the “river-human relationship” that has gradually become distant in the process of modernization and water resource development by reviewing the operation of the Estuary Barrage which has operated for 30 years using only 16% of the water resources it has developed. Eighteen people participated in the project as authors, including speakers at the “Gifu Symposium” hosted by Gifu University in March 2022 and members of the Aichi Prefecture Nagara River Estuary Barrage Optimum Operation Study Committee.

This book is divided into four parts.
 
Parts I and II focus on the ayu (sweetfish) as a representative organism of the Nagara River biosphere, and with narratives from river fishermen, explain in an easy-to-understand manner the process that the Nagara River biosphere has followed from the past to the present. The ayu migrates from the sea to the upper reaches of the river and is an indicator of the sustainability of the river's biosphere, as well as a tourism resource through cormorant fishing and a local fishery resource.
 
Part III of the book examines climate change, sea water temperature, and tide level rise; natural phenomena, such as sediment deposition; social phenomena, such as decreases in population and water demand; and construction work, such as sediment dredging over the 30 years of operation of the Nagara River Estuary Barrage. Part III presents the possibility of appropriately maintaining society and the economy while restoring the biosphere, depending on the operation of the estuary dam. It also shows the possibility of appropriately maintaining the status of society and the economy while restoring the biosphere depending on the operation of the estuary dam. Part IV introduces the latest case studies from the Netherlands and South Korea. We hope that people interested in local food, the environment, disaster prevention, and public works will read this book.
 

(Written by KURAJI Koichiro, Professor, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences / 2024)